Games available in most casinos are commonly called casino games. In a casino game, the players gamble cash or casino chips on various possible random outcomes or combinations of outcomes. Casino games are also available in online casinos, where permitted by law. Casino games can also be played outside casinos for entertainment purposes like in parties or in school competitions, some on machines that simulate gambling.
Categories[edit]
- There are many online casinos where gamblers can play both American and European Roulette plus a host of variations. Online roulette has grown as big in popularity as it is in land based casinos. The most underrated emotion with winning at a game such as roulette is the thrill ride that the classic online gambling game takes you on.
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There are some single-player video roulette machines that only have one zero on the wheel. Players should be careful with these machines. Most only pay 34 on a straight bet, as opposed to the typical 35. This adds nearly three percent to the house edge. Ellis Island is one casino in Las Vegas offers standard payouts for its video roulette. This electronic roulette joins the gaming offer of the casino, which includes another Gold Club electronic roulette and several GameStar slot machines. Jorge Hidalgo, owner of Casino Concorde, said: “Our players know that we offer high quality entertainment in a completely safe environment with all the preventive measures. This is one of the.
There are three general categories of casino games: gaming machines, table games, and random number games. Gaming machines, such as slot machines and pachinko, are usually played by one player at a time and do not require the involvement of casino employees to play. Tables games, such as blackjack or craps, involve one or more players who are competing against the house (the casino itself) rather than each other. Table games are usually conducted by casino employees known as croupiers or dealers. Random number games are based upon the selection of random numbers, either from a computerized random number generator or from other gaming equipment. Random number games may be played at a table or through the purchase of paper tickets or cards, such as keno or bingo.
Some casino games combine multiple of the above aspects; for example, roulette is a table game conducted by a dealer, which involves random numbers. Casinos may also offer other type of gaming, such as hosting poker games or tournaments, where players compete against each other.
Common casino games[edit]
Notable games that are commonly found at casinos include:
Table games[edit]
| Gaming machines[edit] | Random numbers[edit] |
House advantage[edit]
Casino games typically provide a predictable long-term advantage to the casino, or 'house', while offering the players the possibility of a short-term gain that in some cases can be large. Some casino games have a skill element, where the players' decisions have an impact on the results. Players possessing sufficient skills to eliminate the inherent long-term disadvantage (the house edge or vigorish) in a casino game are referred to as advantage players.
The players' disadvantage is a result of the casino not paying winning wagers according to the game's 'true odds', which are the payouts that would be expected considering the odds of a wager either winning or losing. For example, if a game is played by wagering on the number that would result from the roll of one die, true odds would be 5 times the amount wagered since there is a 1 in 6 chance of any single number appearing, assuming that the player gets the original amount wagered back. However, the casino may only pay 4 times the amount wagered for a winning wager.
The house edge or vigorish is defined as the casino profit expressed as the percentage of the player's original bet. (In games such as blackjack or Spanish 21, the final bet may be several times the original bet, if the player double and splits.)
In American roulette, there are two 'zeroes' (0, 00) and 36 non-zero numbers (18 red and 18 black). This leads to a higher house edge compared to European roulette. The chances of a player, who bets 1 unit on red, winning is 18/38 and his chances of losing 1 unit is 20/38. The player's expected value is EV = (18/38 × 1) + (20/38 × (−1)) = 18/38 − 20/38 = −2/38 = −5.26%. Therefore, the house edge is 5.26%. After 10 spins, betting 1 unit per spin, the average house profit will be 10 × 1 × 5.26% = 0.53 units. European roulette wheels have only one 'zero' and therefore the house advantage (ignoring the en prison rule) is equal to 1/37 = 2.7%.
The house edge of casino games varies greatly with the game, with some games having an edge as low as 0.3%. Keno can have house edges up to 25%, slot machines having up to 15%.
The calculation of the roulette house edge is a trivial exercise; for other games, this is not usually the case. Combinatorial analysis and/or computer simulation is necessary to complete the task.
In games which have a skill element, such as blackjack or Spanish 21, the house edge is defined as the house advantage from optimal play (without the use of advanced techniques such as card counting), on the first hand of the shoe (the container that holds the cards). The set of the optimal plays for all possible hands is known as 'basic strategy' and is highly dependent on the specific rules and even the number of decks used. Good blackjack and Spanish 21 games have house edges below 0.5%.
Traditionally, the majority of casinos have refused to reveal the house edge information for their slots games and due to the unknown number of symbols and weightings of the reels, in most cases it is much more difficult to calculate the house edge than that in other casino games. However, due to some online properties revealing this information and some independent research conducted by Michael Shackleford in the offline sector, this pattern is slowly changing.[1]
In games where players are not competing against the house, such as poker, the casino usually earns money via a commission, known as a 'rake'.
Standard deviation[edit]
The luck factor in a casino game is quantified using standard deviations (SD).[2] The standard deviation of a simple game like roulette can be calculated using the binomial distribution. In the binomial distribution, SD = √npq, where n = number of rounds played, p = probability of winning, and q = probability of losing. The binomial distribution assumes a result of 1 unit for a win, and 0 units for a loss, rather than −1 units for a loss, which doubles the range of possible outcomes. Furthermore, if we flat bet at 10 units per round instead of 1 unit, the range of possible outcomes increases 10 fold.[3]
- SD (roulette, even-money bet) = 2b√npq, where b = flat bet per round, n = number of rounds, p = 18/38, and q = 20/38.
For example, after 10 rounds at 1 unit per round, the standard deviation will be 2 × 1 × √10 × 18/38 × 20/38 = 3.16 units. After 10 rounds, the expected loss will be 10 × 1 × 5.26% = 0.53. As you can see, standard deviation is many times the magnitude of the expected loss.[4]
The standard deviation for pai gow poker is the lowest out of all common casino games. Many casino games, particularly slot machines, have extremely high standard deviations. The bigger size of the potential payouts, the more the standard deviation may increase.
As the number of rounds increases, eventually, the expected loss will exceed the standard deviation, many times over. From the formula, we can see the standard deviation is proportional to the square root of the number of rounds played, while the expected loss is proportional to the number of rounds played. As the number of rounds increases, the expected loss increases at a much faster rate. This is why it is impossible for a gambler to win in the long term. It is the high ratio of short-term standard deviation to expected loss that fools gamblers into thinking that they can win.
It is important for a casino to know both the house edge and variance for all of their games. The house edge tells them what kind of profit they will make as percentage of turnover, and the variance tells them how much they need in the way of cash reserves. The mathematicians and computer programmers that do this kind of work are called gaming mathematicians and gaming analysts. Casinos do not have in-house expertise in this field, so outsource their requirements to experts in the gaming analysis field.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Michael Shackleford is the wizard of odds'. Observer. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
- ^Hagan, general editor, Julian Harris, Harris (2012). Gaming law : jurisdictional comparisons (1st ed.). London: European Lawyer Reference Series/Thomson Reuters. ISBN978-0414024861.
- ^Gao, J.Z.; Fong, D.; Liu, X. (April 2011). 'Mathematical analyses of casino rebate systems for VIP gambling'. International Gambling Studies. 11 (1): 93–106. doi:10.1080/14459795.2011.552575. S2CID144540412.
- ^Andrew, Siegel (2011). Practical Business Statistics. Academic Press. ISBN978-0123877178. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
Most roulette games in Las Vegas have two zeros on them. Venetian and Palazzo now spread Triple Zero Roulette. There are few casinos that offer single zero roulette table. Each Las Vegas resort that spreads single zero roulette has it at a higher limit than single zero ones.
There are two types of single zero roulette in Las Vegas. One offers the La Partage rule, which returns half of the even-money wagers if the ball lands on zero, the rest do not. Tables with the La Partage rule are referred to as European Roulette. That is because this rule is common in European casinos.
Where to Play European Roulette in Las Vegas?
European Roulette is found at several high-end casinos owned by MGM Resorts. It is also spread in the high limit salon at Wynn and Encore. I want to make finding the European Roulette tables easy for you so I have made a list of where to find them within the casino and their minimum bet.
- The cheapest European Roulette table is found at MGM Grand. It often has a $25 minimum bet. It goes up to $50, and sometimes $100, during peak and weekend hours.
- Mandalay Bay has the game for $50 during off-peak hours and $100 on weekends.
- European Roulette has a $100 minimum at Aria, Bellagio, and Mirage.
- The tables at Aria, Bellagio and MGM Grand are split between the main casino floor and high limit salon.
- The Mirage table is found only in high limit.
- Wynn and Encore both offer European Roulette. The minimum bet at each is $100. The tables are found in the high limit salon.
Not in Vegas but want to try your luck at roulette for real money? Find the Top Rated online casinos to play live dealer single zero roulette for real money.
Single Zero Roulette Tables in Las Vegas Without La Partage
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There are four casinos in Las Vegas that have single zero roulette tables but do not offer European rules. The Cromwell offers this game on its casino floor with a $25 minimum bet. That addition was part of its marketing efforts to spread the best low limit games on the Las Vegas Strip. Caesars Palace has the game in its high limit salon with a $100 minimum bet. The same limits apply to the tables in high limit at Venetian and Palazzo.
Single Zero Video Roulette
There are some single-player video roulette machines that only have one zero on the wheel. Players should be careful with these machines. Most only pay 34 on a straight bet, as opposed to the typical 35. This adds nearly three percent to the house edge.
Ellis Island is one casino in Las Vegas offers standard payouts for its video roulette. The minimum bet is only $0.25. Players may also enjoy the players club benefits earned while playing this game as Ellis Island has a reputation for taking care of its players.
Las Vegas does not have any multiplayer video roulette games with only one zero on the wheel. All of these devices are double zero.
Roulette Machines In Casino
Roulette Tables in Las Vegas
Cached
| Casino | Game | Min Bet | Max Bet | # of Tables | 00/0/Euro | Video |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 Queens | Roulette | 5 | 1000 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Aliante Casino | Roulette | 5 | 500 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Aria | Roulette | 15 | 1000 | 11 | 00 | No |
| Aria | Roulette | 50 | 1000 | 1 | Euro | No |
| Aria | Roulette | 5 | 2000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Arizona Charlie’s Decatur | Roulette | 5 | 100 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Bally’s | Roulette | 5 | 200 | 4 | 00 | No |
| Bally’s | Roulette | 3 | 6900 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Bellagio | Roulette | 10 | 500 | 10 | 00 | No |
| Bellagio | Roulette | 100 | 1000 | 2 | Euro | No |
| Bellagio | Roulette | 5 | 5000 | 3 | 00 | Yes |
| Binion’s | Roulette | 5 | 100 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Binion’s | Roulette | 2 | 200 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Boulder Station | Roulette | 0.25 | 2000 | 2 | 00 | Yes |
| Boulder Station | Roulette | 5 | 50 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Caesars Palace | Roulette | 10 | 5000 | 9 | 00 | No |
| Caesars Palace | Roulette | 3 | 100 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| California | Roulette | 5 | 1000 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Cannery | Roulette | 5 | 500 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Casino Royale | Roulette | 5 | 100 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Casino Royale | Roulette | 2 | 500 | 2 | 00 | Yes |
| Circus Circus | Roulette | 10 | 25 | 5 | 00 | No |
| Club Fortune | Roulette | 2 | 50 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Cosmopolitan | Roulette | 10 | 500 | 12 | 00 | No |
| Cosmopolitan | Roulette | 3 | 500 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Cromwell | Roulette | 10 | 200 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Cromwell | Roulette | 2 | 500 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Cromwell | Roulette | 25 | 200 | 1 | 0 | No |
| Downtown Grand | Roulette | 5 | 100 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Eastside Cannery | Roulette | 5 | 500 | 1 | 00 | No |
| El Cortez | Roulette | 1 | 100 | 4 | 00 | No |
| Ellis Island | Roulette | 5 | 300 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Encore | Roulette | 10 | 300 | 8 | 00 | No |
| Encore | Roulette | 100 | 5000 | 1 | Euro | No |
| Encore | Roulette | 3 | 3000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Excalibur | Roulette | 5 | 50 | 8 | 00 | No |
| Excalibur | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Fiesta Rancho | Roulette | 3 | 500 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Fiesta Rancho | Roulette | 0.25 | 500 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Fiesta Henderson | Roulette | 0.25 | 500 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Fiesta Henderson | Roulette | 3 | 500 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Flamingo | Roulette | 10 | 200 | 10 | 00 | No |
| Flamingo | Roulette | 1 | 500 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Fremont | Roulette | 5 | 500 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Gold Coast | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Gold Coast | Roulette | 2 | 4500 | 2 | 00 | Yes |
| Golden Gate | Roulette | 5 | 200 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Golden Nugget | Roulette | 10 | 200 | 8 | 00 | No |
| Green Valley Ranch | Roulette | 10 | 200 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Green Valley Ranch | Roulette | 3 | 500 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Hard Rock | Roulette | 10 | 2000 | 6 | 00 | No |
| Harrah’s | Roulette | 10 | 200 | 7 | 00 | No |
| Harrah’s | Roulette | 3 | 8900 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| OYO | Roulette | 2 | 2000 | 2 | 00 | Yes |
| OYO | Roulette | 5 | 1000 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Joker’s Wild | Roulette | 1 | 500 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Linq | Roulette | 3 | 500 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Linq | Roulette | 5 | 200 | 6 | 00 | No |
| Luxor | Roulette | 10 | 100 | 9 | 00 | No |
| Luxor | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| M Resort | Roulette | 5 | 500 | 4 | 00 | No |
| Main Street Station | Roulette | 5 | 100 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Mandalay Bay | Roulette | 10 | 300 | 9 | 00 | No |
| Mandalay Bay | Roulette | 50 | 500 | 2 | Euro | No |
| Mandalay Bay | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| MGM Grand | Roulette | 10 | 500 | 11 | 00 | No |
| MGM Grand | Roulette | 25 | 1000 | 2 | Euro | No |
| MGM Grand | Roulette | 3 | 500 | 3 | 00 | Yes |
| Mirage | Roulette | 10 | 200 | 8 | 00 | No |
| Mirage | Roulette | 100 | 1000 | 2 | Euro | No |
| Mirage | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 2 | 00 | Yes |
| Park MGM Casino | Roulette | 10 | 3000 | 4 | 00 | No |
| Park MGM Casino | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| NYNY | Roulette | 10 | 100 | 6 | 00 | No |
| NYNY | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 2 | 00 | Yes |
| Orleans | Roulette | 5 | 200 | 4 | 00 | No |
| Orleans | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| O’Sheas | Roulette | 5 | 300 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Palace Station | Roulette | 5 | 200 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Palace Station | Roulette | 2 | 500 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Palazzo | Roulette | 10 | 500 | 10 | 00 | No |
| Palazzo | Roulette | 100 | 5000 | 1 | 0 | No |
| Palazzo | Roulette | 3 | 3000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Palms | Roulette | 10 | 2000 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Palms | Roulette | 3 | 2000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Paris | Roulette | 10 | 2000 | 7 | 00 | No |
| Paris | Roulette | 3 | 200 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Planet Hollywood | Roulette | 10 | 200 | 9 | 00 | No |
| Planet Hollywood | Roulette | 5 | 200 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Plaza | Roulette | 5 | 100 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Railroad Pass | Roulette | 2 | 200 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Rampart | Roulette | 5 | 1000 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Red Rock | Roulette | 10 | 200 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Red Rock | Roulette | 3 | 500 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Rio | Roulette | 10 | 1000 | 4 | 00 | No |
| Rio | Roulette | 3 | 300 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Sam’s Town | Roulette | 5 | 1000 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Santa Fe Station | Roulette | 5 | 1000 | 4 | 00 | No |
| Silver 7’s | Roulette | 5 | 1000 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Silverton | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 2 | 00 | No |
| SLS Las Vegas | Roulette | 10 | 300 | 6 | 00 | No |
| SLS Las Vegas | Roulette | 3 | 100 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| South Point | Roulette | 1 | 50 | 6 | 00 | No |
| South Point | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Stratosphere | Roulette | 5 | 100 | 5 | 00 | No |
| Stratosphere | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Suncoast | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Texas Station | Roulette | 5 | 500 | 2 | 00 | No |
| The D | Roulette | 10 | 5000 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Treasure Island | Roulette | 10 | 300 | 4 | 00 | No |
| Tropicana | Roulette | 5 | 200 | 3 | 00 | No |
| Tropicana | Roulette | 3 | 3000 | 1 | 00 | Yes |
| Tuscany | Roulette | 4 | 500 | 1 | 00 | No |
| Venetian | Roulette | 100 | 500 | 1 | 0 | No |
| Venetian | Roulette | 10 | 500 | 7 | 00 | No |
| Venetian | Roulette | 3 | 1000 | 2 | 00 | Yes |
| Westgate | Roulette | 10 | 1000 | 2 | 00 | No |
| Wynn | Roulette | 15 | 500 | 10 | 00 | No |
| Wynn | Roulette | 100 | 5000 | 1 | Euro | No |